无锡市第八届翻译比赛决赛试题和答案
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2015年大学生翻译竞赛(决赛)试题
专科卷
一、【英译中】
We were different in ways of thinking and behaving. After the class, Robinson rushed out of the classroom to play basketball with the boys. Well, I was too shy to speak to them. Ten years later as a college student majoring in English, perhaps language is not as difficult a problem for me in communicating. And I can easily find a western food restaurant to practice using my fork and knife.
But I can still say we are different. In fact, I’m glad for all these differences which create interests to understand other cultures. If there had been no differences between East and West, Marco Polo would not have made his way from Italy to China in the late 14th century and taken discoveries including gun powder back to the west.
If there had been no differences between East and West, the national Traditional Orchestra of China might not have played Chinese classical music for the first time at the New Year’s Concert of this year in Vienna. Or maybe it would not have won applause. If there had been no differences, I would not have chosen to learn English and I wouldn’t have a chance to give my speech here.
I’m afraid if there had been no differences, we would have lost a rich and colorful existence. In this world we have the reserve of the British, the romance of the French, the bluntness of the Americans and the reticence of the Chinese. Those peoples’ cultural backgrounds are various. All their tears express sadness and their smiling faces beam happiness.
参考译文:
我们的思维方式和举止是不同的。下课后,罗宾逊冲出教室和男孩子一起打篮球,而我太害羞,连和男孩子说话也不敢。十年后的今天,我已经是一名英语系的大学生,语言已不再是交流中的一个问题,要练习使用刀叉我也能轻易地找到一家西餐厅。
但是我说我们还是不同,实际上我很高兴有这些不同。正是这些差异使得了解异国文化变得趣味盎然。倘若东西方之间不存在差异,那么十四世纪后期的马可•波罗就不会从意大利千里迢迢来到中国,就不会把中国的火药带回西方。
倘若东西方没有差异,那么中央民族乐团就不会在今年来到维也纳,在新年音乐会上首次演奏中国的古典音乐,也就不会赢得阵阵掌声。倘若东西方没有差异,我就不会选择学习英语,不会有机会在这里用英语演讲。
倘若没有东西方差异,恐怕我们就会丧失多姿多彩的生活。在这个世界上,有英国人的矜持、法国人的浪漫、美国人的率直和中国人的含蓄。不同的民族拥有不同的文化背景,然而,所有的眼泪都表达哀伤,所有的笑靥都源于欢乐。
二、【中译英】
一九一一年,在一个小县城里边,我生在一个小地主的家里。那县城差不多就是中国的最东最北部——黑龙江省——所以一年之中,倒有四个月飘着白雪。
父亲常常为着贪婪而失掉了人性。他对待仆人,对待自己的儿女,以及对待我的祖父都是同样的吝啬而疏远,甚至于无情。
有一次,为着房屋租金的事情,父亲把房客的全套的马车赶了过来。房客的家属们哭着诉说着,向我的祖父跪了下来,于是祖父把两匹棕色的马从车上解下来还了回去。
为着这匹马,父亲向祖父起着终夜的争吵。“两匹马,咱们是算不了什么的,穷人,这匹马就是命根。”祖父这样说着,而父亲还是争吵。
所以每每在大雪中的黄昏里,围着暖炉,围着祖父,听着祖父读着诗篇,看着祖父读着诗篇时微红的嘴唇。
参考译文:
In 1911, I was born into a petty landlord family in a remote county town in Heilongjiang Province – a town situated virtually at the northeastern tip of China. We had snow there for as long as one third of a year.
Father, driven by avarice, often became very unfeeling. He would treat his servants, his own children and even my grandpa alike with meanness and indifference, not to say with ruthlessness.
Once, due to a dispute over house rent, he took away by force a tenant’s horse – drawn cart and drove it home. The tenant’s family came to see grandpa and, dropping to their knees, tearfully related their troubles. Grandpa unharnessed the two chestnut horses and returned them to the tenant.
That touched off a night-long quarrel between father and grandpa. “The two horses mean nothing to us, but everything to the poor,” argued grandpa. Father, however, refused to listen.
Often of a snowy evening, we children would hang about grandpa by a heating stove, listening to him reading poems aloud and meanwhile watching his busy ruddy lips.
2015年大学生翻译竞赛(决赛)试题
本科卷
一、【英译中】
Shanghai’s impressive economic and social gains have come at the price of significant environmental degradation and increased resource use. The current urbanization path is not efficient because pollution imposes rising direct and indirect economic costs that are often not reflected in market transactions. Urban sprawl is leading to, for instance, increased energy use for transportation and higher costs for energy and water supply infrastructure than in denser cities. Current trends are also not socially inclusive because – while pollution and resource scarcity affect all citizens – the poor are usually the most heavily affected and the least able to cope.
In recent decades Shanghai has invested heavily in infrastructure to support environmental management and has made considerable progress in reducing pollution and improving the energy efficiency of its economy. Rapid economic growth has continued to outpace Shanghai’s ability to control pollution from existing and emerging sources, however, and more needs to be done. Moreover, there is an urgent need to prepare the groundwork for future urbanization to be conducted more sustainably than in the past. How Shanghai develops in the future will determine the magnitude of its carbon footprint and its exposure to pollution.
参考译文:
上海令人瞩目的经济和社会发展的代价是环境恶化、资源消耗增长。由于市场交易未反映污染造成的直接和间接经济成本上升,因而目前的城镇化途径效率低下。例如,城市蔓生导致交通能耗加大,且能源、供水等基础设施的成本也比人口密度较大的城市高。目前的趋势也缺少包容性,尽管污染和资源稀缺性对所有民众均有影响,但贫困人口往往是受影响最大而最无力应对的群体。
最近几十年中,上海对基础设施投入了巨资,用以支持环境整治,并且在减少污染和提高经济能效方面取得了巨大进步。然而,快速的经济增长超出了上海治理目前现存的以及不断新冒出的污染的能力,因而需要采取更多措施。此外,为未来可持续的城镇化做基础准备的需求也相比以往来得更为急迫。上海未来如何发展的规划,将决定其碳排放量及面临可能污染的程度。
二、【中译英】
上海是引领中国政府改革进程的先锋,是令人振奋的生活和工作地点。政府已为上海设定了与上海的地位和对全国经济的重要性相匹配的宏伟目标。中国欧盟商会上海分会(The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China’s Shanghai Chapter)全力支持到2020年把上海建设成为国际金融、贸易、经济和航运中心的目标,但我们认为当前的变革节奏需要加速。
总体改革进程的一个核心元素是设立中国(上海)自由贸易区(自贸区)。对于自贸区,我们始终强调该改革试点的全国意义及其“试点”特征。自贸区的目的和范围,首先是作为改革的试验田,同时,还可以把自贸区看作改革是否成功的晴雨表。就此而言,如果该项目在运行一年后最令人关注的依然是自贸区概念本身和负面清单的实施,则难免令人遗憾。
尽管自贸区对上海乃至全国都至关重要,但自贸区并非惟一需要关注的话题。
参考译文:
Shanghai has been the vanguard of the Chinese Government’s reform agenda making it an exciting place to live and work, and the government has set ambitious targets commensurate with Shanghai’s stature and overall importance to the Chinese economy. The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China’s Shanghai Chapter fully supports Shanghai’s goal to become an international financial, trade, economic and shipping center by 2020, but we believe that the current pace of change should be accelerated.
A central element of this agenda was the creation of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (CSPFTZ or Zone). When talking about the Zone we always stress the China-wide significance and the “pilot” characteristic of this reform experiment. The purpose and scope of the CSPFTZ is, more than anything, to be a testing ground for reform, while at the same time it can also be seen as a barometer for the success of the reforms. In this regard it is problematic that one year on, the concept of the Zone and its negative-list approach remain the most impressive aspects of this project.
Although an extremely important part of Shanghai’s – and China’s – development, the CSPFTZ is not only the topic that deserves our attention.